The best patients in the world that I have met so far are diabetics. They are generally very knowledgeable about their condition and are very aware of the ways they can control it through food. Diabetes is a very insidious disease and since blood sugar spikes can rise or fall very quickly in these patients, most are aware of the effect food has on their health. It is a very studied pathology, for this reason the information regarding this pathology is very detailed. I will only make a modest list of some internet sites dealing with this pathology. Your trusted doctor, a diabetes specialist an endocrinologist or the diabetes medical association in your country will certainly be able to help you.
Introduction
Diabetes is a chronic condition that occurs when the body is unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. As a result, people with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar levels.
First of all, what is insulin?
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Insulin works by allowing sugar to be taken up by cells and used for energy. When the level of sugar in the blood becomes too high, insulin helps move the excess sugar out of the blood and into cells, where it can be used or stored.
People with diabetes may need to take insulin to help regulate their blood sugar levels. There are several types of insulin, including rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting insulin. The type of insulin a person needs, and the dosage will depend on factors such as age, weight, and overall health.
Insulin can be taken in several ways, including injection with a syringe or insulin pen, or through an insulin pump that delivers a continuous supply of insulin through a small tube under the skin. If you have diabetes, work closely with your doctor to determine the best insulin regimen for your needs!
How does an insulin pump works?
An insulin pump is a small device that delivers a continuous supply of insulin through a small tube that is inserted under the skin. Insulin pumps are most often used by people with type 1 diabetes, but some people with type 2 diabetes may also use them.
An insulin pump consists of three main parts: a reservoir of insulin, a small computer (called a “pump”), and a thin tube (called a “catheter”) that is inserted under the skin. The pump is programmed to deliver a continuous supply of insulin, called a “basal rate,” as well as boluses of insulin before meals or to correct high blood sugar levels.
Insulin pumps have several benefits compared to traditional insulin injections. They can provide a more consistent supply of insulin, which may help improve blood sugar control and reduce the risk of complications. They also allow for more flexibility in meal timing and insulin dosing. However, insulin pumps do require careful monitoring and maintenance, and they may not be suitable for everyone.
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that occurs when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or when the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to meet the body’s needs. This type of diabetes can often be managed through lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight. However, some people with type 2 diabetes may also need to take medications or insulin to manage their blood sugar levels.
Both types of diabetes can lead to serious health complications if not properly managed, including heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and vision loss. It is important for people with diabetes to work closely with their healthcare team to manage their blood sugar levels and prevent these complications.
Best blogs and websites on diabetes in Europe
Here are a few websites and blogs that provide information and resources on diabetes in Europe:
- Diabetes UK: This is the largest diabetes charity in the UK, providing information, support, and resources for people with diabetes. They have a website (diabetes.org.uk) and a blog (www.diabetes.org.uk/blog) with articles and advice on managing diabetes, as well as information on research and advocacy efforts.
- Diabetes France: This is a French nonprofit organization that provides information, support, and resources for people with diabetes in France. They have a website (diabetesfrance.fr) with information on diabetes, as well as resources and tools for managing the condition.
- Diabetes Spain: This is a Spanish nonprofit organization that provides information, support, and resources for people with diabetes in Spain. They have a website (diabetesspain.org) with information on diabetes, as well as resources and tools for managing the condition.
- Diabetes Deutschland: This is a German nonprofit organization that provides information, support, and resources for people with diabetes in Germany. They have a website (diabetes-deutschland.de) with information on diabetes, as well as resources and tools for managing the condition.
It is also worth checking with local healthcare organizations and associations in your country for additional resources and support.
How to treat diabetes type 1
Type 1 diabetes is managed with a combination of insulin therapy, self-monitoring of blood sugar, and a healthy lifestyle.
Insulin therapy is the main treatment for type 1 diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to replace the insulin that their body is not producing. The type of insulin and the dosage will depend on factors such as the person’s age, weight, and overall health, as well as the target blood sugar range.
Self-monitoring of blood sugar (SMBG) is also an important part of managing type 1 diabetes. This involves regularly checking blood sugar levels using a blood glucose meter and adjusting insulin doses or meal plans as needed to keep blood sugar levels within a target range.
In addition to insulin therapy and SMBG, a healthy lifestyle can also help manage type 1 diabetes. This includes following a healthy diet, getting regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. It is also important for people with type 1 diabetes to manage stress and get enough sleep, as these can also impact blood sugar levels.
Patients with type 1 diabetes need to work closely with their healthcare team to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to their needs and goals.
How to treat diabetes type 2
On the other side, lifestyle changes are a vital part of managing type 2 diabetes. This includes following a healthy diet, getting regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. These lifestyle changes can help improve insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control and may even allow some people with type 2 diabetes to achieve blood sugar levels within the normal range without the need for medications.
Medications are often needed to help manage blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The type of medication and the dosage will depend on factors such as the person’s age, weight, and overall health, as well as the target blood sugar range. Some common medications used to treat type 2 diabetes include metformin, sulfonylureas, and thiazolidinediones.
Self-monitoring of blood sugar (SMBG) is part of managing type 2 as well as type 1 diabetes.
Within the main lifestyle changes, there is the introduction of low glycemic index food in your diet. Let’s have a look to them!
Low glycemic index foods
Low glycemic index (GI) foods are those that are absorbed more slowly and cause a slower and smaller increase in blood sugar levels. These foods are ranked on a scale of 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating a faster increase in blood sugar. Foods with a GI of 70 or higher are considered high, foods with a GI of 56 to 69 are considered medium, and foods with a GI of 55 or lower are considered low.
Some examples of low GI foods include:
- Most fruits and vegetables
- Legumes, such as beans, lentils, and chickpeas
- Whole grains, such as oats, quinoa, and barley
- Nuts and seeds
- Dairy products, such as milk and yogurt
Including a variety of low GI foods in your diet can help you manage your blood sugar levels and may also be helpful for weight management.
Let’s get familiar with Glycemic Index (GI)
Non-experts may be wondering what the glycemic index is.
The glycemic index (GI) is a measure of how quickly a food is likely to raise blood sugar levels. Foods are ranked on a scale of 0 to 100 based on their effect on blood sugar levels, with higher numbers indicating a faster increase in blood sugar.
Foods that are high on the glycemic index, such as white bread and sugary drinks, are rapidly absorbed and cause a rapid and significant increase in blood sugar levels. These foods are often referred to as “high-GI” foods.
In contrast, foods that are low on the glycemic index, such as most fruits and vegetables, are absorbed more slowly and cause a slower and smaller increase in blood sugar levels. These foods are often referred to as “low-GI” foods.
The glycemic index can be a useful tool for people with diabetes to help manage their blood sugar levels, as well as for people who are trying to maintain a healthy weight. However, it is important to note that the glycemic index does not consider the portion size or the total amount of carbohydrates in a food, so it should be used as just one part of a healthy diet.
Conclusion
Even if there is already great information online, your doctor or a professional healthcare remains the one who can give you the right diagnosis and truly help you to define a strategy to manage your blood sugar.
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
When we hear the word leukemia we are immediately frightened but let’s see more deeply what it is and why chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease that can be managed.
I’m not saying it’s a simple disease, it’s actually a very complex pathology but it has some characteristics that make it, let’s say, bearable!
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is in fact a disease with very slow progression, which occurs in old age. The treatment of this pathology has evolved a lot and from generic protocols, we have now arrived at protocols defined for each patient.
This change of approach to the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia has literally changed the evolution of the disease. In particular, the use of antibodies capable of stimulating the immune system of each patient has made the fight against this pathology much more effective.
But let’s see in more detail what it is.
The article is not exhaustive, but it answers some of the main requests of my readers. In the event that chronic lymphocytic leukemia is diagnosed, you must go to a center specialized in the treatment of this particular pathology.
A plain definition of Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a form of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. The disease is characterized by the overgrowth of abnormal, mature white blood cells called lymphocytes. These cells are part of the immune system, designed to protect the body from infections and other diseases. With CLL, these aberrant lymphocytes pile up in the bloodstream, bone marrow, and other areas of the body, impairing their normal functions. Generally a slower-developing cancer, CLL is typically seen most frequently in people aged 60 or more and tends to be more frequent among males. Common symptoms associated with CLL can include fatigue, weight loss, fever, night sweats, and swollen lymph nodes. Depending on the person’s unique circumstances, treatments for this illness may involve chemotherapy, targeted therapies or immune therapy.
Prognosis
Well, the prognosis for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) varies depending on several factors:
– the stage of the disease at diagnosis
– the age of the patient
– the presence of certain genetic markers.
In general, CLL is a slow-growing cancer that can progress over a period of several years. Some patients with CLL may not require treatment right away, as the disease may not be causing any symptoms. For other patients, treatment may be necessary to slow the progression of the disease and alleviate symptoms.
Life expectancy
The five-year survival rate for individuals with CLL is estimated at 83%, and after a decade this is thought to drop to 72%. Nevertheless, these figures are based on several people and may not reflect the outlook of each patient. Some may experience long periods of remission, while others could have a more rapid course of the disease. Generally speaking, those who are younger, have a better genetic profile and receive treatment earlier tend to have a more optimistic outcome.
It seems absurd but for some patients this diagnosis represents a moment to take care of themselves and perhaps dedicate the time to take a trip they have always wanted to do or dedicate themselves to an activity they have always wanted to do. Pathology has put them in front of their desires but above all the difference between dreaming of doing something and actually doing it! I’m not saying that this diagnosis is a blessing but rather this diagnosis is a push to do things that they had previously neglected to take care of the family or because of their jobs.
Nobody can predict the life expectancy of an individual patient with CLL, as the disease can progress at different rates in different people. Some patients with CLL may live for many years with the disease, while others may have a shorter life expectancy.
Stages of CLL
There are several different staging systems that are used to classify the severity of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The most used staging system is the RAI staging system, which is based on the number and size of lymph nodes that are affected by the disease, as well as the presence or absence of certain blood abnormalities. According to the RAI staging system there are IV stages of CLL. Stage 0 presents no abnormalities in either the blood or lymph nodes. Moving on to stage I, mild anaemia and/or thrombocytopenia exist, although with no enlargement of the lymph nodes. Stage II sees only slightly enlarged lymph nodes, with no additional issues in the blood. Stage III signifies moderate anaemia and/or thrombocytopenia, accompanied by a moderate enlargement of the lymph nodes. Finally, Stage IV denotes a severe anaemia and/or thrombocytopenia with greatly swollen lymph nodes.
It is important to note that the stages of CLL are not necessarily predictive of the prognosis or the likelihood of the disease progressing. The stage of the disease is one factor that may be considered when determining the best treatment plan for an individual patient.
Symptoms of CLL
The symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) can vary widely from one person to another, and some people may not experience any symptoms at all.
Individuals living with CLL may feel fatigued and weak, even after resting. Unintentional weight loss is another symptom, even if the individual is eating normally. Additionally, some people may experience recurrent fevers of unknown origin and excessive sweating at night. Lymph nodes in the neck, underarms, and groin can become swollen as a result of CLL, while weakened immunity may make it difficult to fight off infections.
The same symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, and they do not necessarily indicate the presence of CLL. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, your doctor will determine the cause and you will receive appropriate treatment.
Diagnosis of CLL
The diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is typically based on the results of a physical examination, a review of the patient’s medical history, and certain laboratory tests. Some of the tests that may be used to diagnose CLL include:
- Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are abnormalities in the blood that may be suggestive of CLL. These tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), which measures the number of red and white blood cells and platelets in the blood, and a blood smear, which allows the healthcare provider to examine the cells under a microscope.
- Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy: A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy may be used to determine if there are abnormal lymphocytes in the bone marrow, which is the spongy tissue inside the bones where blood cells are made. During a bone marrow aspiration, a needle is used to remove a small sample of bone marrow. During a bone marrow biopsy, a small sample of bone marrow and bone is removed with a needle.
- Lymph node biopsy: A lymph node biopsy may be used to determine if there are abnormal lymphocytes in the lymph nodes. During a lymph node biopsy, a small sample of tissue is removed from a lymph node and examined under a microscope.
If CLL is suspected, additional tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the stage of the disease.
Treatment of CLL
The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is tailored to the specific needs of the individual patient and may involve a combination of different therapies. Some of the treatment options for CLL include:
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
- Targeted therapies: Targeted therapies are drugs that are designed to target specific proteins or pathways that are involved in the development and progression of CLL. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy.
- Immunotherapies: Immunotherapies are drugs that stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy or targeted therapies.
- Stem cell transplant: A stem cell transplant involves replacing the patient’s diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells. This treatment is typically reserved for patients with advanced CLL or for those who have not responded to other therapies.
The specific treatment plan for a patient with CLL will depend on the stage of the disease, the patient’s age and overall health, and the presence of certain genetic markers.
Conclusion
CLL is a slow-growing cancer that can progress over a period of several years, and it is more common in people over the age of 60. Symptoms of CLL can include fatigue, weight loss, fever, night sweats, and swollen lymph nodes. Treatment for CLL may include chemotherapy, targeted therapies, or immune therapies, depending on the specific needs of the individual patient. The prognosis for CLL varies depending on a number of factors, including the stage of the disease at diagnosis, the age of the patient, and the presence of certain genetic markers.
A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is neither good nor bad news. It is a very slowly evolving pathology which is currently treated with a protocol tailored to each patient. The patient’s approach to the disease makes a big difference.
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
What is sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder which affects the production of haemoglobin, an oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells. It is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, responsible for making the beta-globin subunit of haemoglobin. Those affected with sickle cell disease have crescent-shaped red blood cells, preventing adequate blood flow and causing pain and organ damage. This hereditary condition is typically seen more in those from African descent, though it can also affect people from Hispanic, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean backgrounds. Unfortunately, sickle cell anaemia cannot be cured – however treatments including medication to lessen the frequency and severity of crises, blood transfusions to boost the number of healthy RBCs, and bone marrow transplantation to replace unhealthy marrow with normal producing cells are available.
Sickle cell disease around the world
Sickle cell disease is a global health issue, but it is most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is estimated that up to 25% of the population carries the sickle cell gene. The disease is also common in countries in the Middle East, the Mediterranean, and parts of India, as well as among people of African descent living in the United States, the Caribbean, South America, and Europe. In the United States, sickle cell disease affects about 100,000 people, the majority of whom are African American.
What are the symptoms of sickle cell anaemia?
Symptoms of sickle cell anaemia, a type of sickle cell disease, may include:
- Fatigue: People with sickle cell anaemia may feel tired or weak due to a lack of oxygen-rich red blood cells.
- Pain: Pain is a common symptom of sickle cell anaemia, as the sickle-shaped red blood cells can block blood flow and cause pain in the bones, joints, and other parts of the body.
- Shortness of breath: A lack of oxygen-rich red blood cells can cause shortness of breath, especially during physical activity.
- Paleness: People with sickle cell anaemia may appear pale due to a lack of red blood cells.
- Frequent infections: People with sickle cell anaemia may be more susceptible to infections due to a lack of healthy white blood cells.
- Delayed growth: Children with sickle cell anaemia may have delayed growth and development due to a lack of nutrients and oxygen.
- Dactylitis: Dactylitis, also known as hand-foot syndrome, is a painful condition that can occur in people with sickle cell anaemia. It is characterized by swelling and redness in the hands and feet.
- Eye problems: People with sickle cell anaemia may be at increased risk of developing eye problems, such as cataracts and glaucoma.
- Stroke: Children and adults with sickle cell anaemia may be at increased risk of stroke due to blood flow problems in the brain.
How is sickle cell anaemia detected?
Sickle cell anaemia can be detected through a blood test called haemoglobin electrophoresis. This test separates the different types of haemoglobin in a blood sample and can identify the presence of abnormal haemoglobin, such as the type found in people with sickle cell anaemia.
Other tests that may be used to diagnose sickle cell anaemia include:
- Complete blood count (CBC): A CBC measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in a blood sample.
- Blood smear: A blood smear is a sample of blood that is placed on a microscope slide and examined under a microscope. It can help identify the presence of abnormal red blood cells, such as those found in people with sickle cell anaemia.
- Sickle cell solubility test: This test measures how quickly red blood cells break down in a solution. In people with sickle cell anaemia, the red blood cells break down more slowly than normal.
- Genetic testing: Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis of sickle cell anaemia by identifying the presence of the abnormal gene that causes the disease.
It is important to diagnose sickle cell anaemia as early as possible, as early treatment can help prevent complications and improve the quality of life for people with the disease.
How can we improve sickle cell disease management?
There are several ways to improve the management of sickle cell disease, including:
- Early diagnosis and treatment: Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve the quality of life for people with sickle cell disease.
- Regular medical care: Regular medical care, including regular check-ups and blood transfusions, can help manage the symptoms of sickle cell disease and prevent complications.
- Pain management: Proper pain management is important for people with sickle cell disease, as the disease can cause severe and recurrent pain. This may involve the use of over-the-counter pain medications, prescription pain medications, or other treatments such as physical therapy or acupuncture.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis: Children with sickle cell disease are at increased risk of bacterial infections, so they may be prescribed antibiotics to prevent infections.
- Folic acid supplementation: Folic acid supplements may be recommended to help reduce the frequency of painful crises in people with sickle cell disease.
- Hydroxyurea therapy: Hydroxyurea is a medication that has been shown to reduce the frequency of painful crises and the need for blood transfusions in people with sickle cell disease.
- Bone marrow transplant: A bone marrow transplant, also known as a stem cell transplant, can cure sickle cell disease, but it is a complex and risky procedure that is generally only recommended for certain people with the disease.
- Genetic counselling: Genetic counselling can help people with sickle cell disease and their families understand the inherited nature of the disease and the risks of having children with the disease.
Conclusion
In conclusion, sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder causing a range of complications such as pain, organ damage and infections. This condition mainly affects people of African ancestry, but may also occur in those with Hispanic, Middle Eastern or Mediterranean backgrounds. Currently there is no cure for this disease; however, treatment can help manage the symptoms and reduce potential risks. Those suffering from its associated condition, sickle cell anaemia, may experience fatigue, pain, shortness of breath, pallor, recurrent infections and even stroke. Diagnosis can be made through various tests like haemoglobin electrophoresis or complete blood count (CBC), a blood smear, a sickle cell solubility test or genetic screening. Moreover, it is crucial to receive early diagnosis and proper treatment to prevent serious health problems and improve the life quality for people with sickle cell disease.
If you are looking for information about sickle cell anaemia, here are a few websites:
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
“[Having depression] feels like I’m floating, drifting, lost, without purpose. It feels like nothing, an emotional black hole. Like I’m no longer human. The world is dull and colourless.” tells Allison in her blog. Allison used mediation to conquer her freedom from depression. Allison’s blog inspired many others to get out of the depression tunnel. [1]
She is one of the three hundred million people in the world who start their daily routine by dealing with depressive feelings. The world health organization ranked depression as the single largest contributor to global disability. [2] It is estimated that more than six million people in Germany suffer from depression. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic made the global situation even worst [3].
Now the question is not trivial: is it possible to recover from depression by using meditation?
Headspace, a global leader in mindfulness and meditation products, says “yes” and invests in the German market, launching for the first time in 2019 a German version of its products. This is the first non-English meditation product for Headspace. With its portfolio of meditation apps and online offerings, Headspace has already reached more than 42 million users in 190 countries. Through its Headspace for Work offering, the company is also active in the business-to-business sector, focusing its products on companies and their employees as social benefits. Headspace also maintains relationships with many of the world’s most recognized brands, including Apple, Amazon, Google, Nike, the NBA and others.
What could persuade such a big company to launch a non-English meditation product?
Germany is not immune to depression. The prevalence of depression increased from 12.5% in 2009 to 15.7% in 2017 (+26%). Overall, women were twice as likely as men to receive a diagnosis, although the prevalence increased more strongly in men compared to women (+40% vs. +20%) [4].
Meditation is also useful to reduce stress and anxiety and meditation products and apps are required by several groups of people in Germany as well as all over the world, not necessarily by depressed people.
According to Ethnologue, the German language is the 11th language spoken as the first language by size: it is spoken in 43 countries by 90.3 million people. There are more than 90 million native speakers of German in Europe, making it the most widely spoken language. This will help to share meditation and mindfulness content with people who need it.
What is depression?
Depression is a serious mental health condition that can have devastating effects on an individual’s life. It can lead to problems with work, relationships, and self-esteem [5]. Depression is a mental disorder characterized by persistent low mood and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. People with depression often have difficulty performing everyday activities and may feel that life is not worth living [6].
There are different types of depression, and it can occur at any age [7,8,9]. Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, affecting millions of people around the world. While it is treatable, many people do not seek treatment due to the stigma associated with mental illness [10].
What is meditation?
According to the Cambridge Dictionary, mindfulness meditation is the very intentional awareness of the present moment in a non-judgmental fashion. It’s not as easy as it sounds.
There are several types of meditation. A recent study found that meditation can help to reduce the severity of depressive symptoms and improve quality of life. The study found that participants who meditated for eight weeks had significantly lower levels of depression than those who did not meditate [11].
Many people are exploring an alternative approach to depression treatment: mindfulness-based meditation [12].
So, what is happening in your brain when you meditate?
Meditation has been found to change certain brain regions that are specifically linked to depression. For example, scientists have shown that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) becomes hyperactive in depressed people. The mPFC is often called the “me centre” because this is where you process information about yourself, such as worrying about the future and ruminating about the past. When people get stressed about life, the mPFC goes into overdrive [13, 14,15]
Mindfulness meditation may lead to increases in grey matter density in the hippocampus and other frontal regions of the brain as well as increases in the anterior insula and cortical thickness, say some clinical trials [16].
Stress and anxiety are major triggers of depression, and meditation can alter your reaction to those feelings. Even if the meditation’s benefits are proven, many people have problems practising meditation. The solution proposed by Allison in her blog is sometimes unfeasible.
The use of apps or meditation tools like the ones launched by Headspace can be a valid aid for those people.
REFERENCES
[1] https://alisonheilig.com/i-am-more-than-this-my-story-of-meditation-mental-illness/
[2] Stringaris A. Editorial: What is depression? J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2017 Dec;58(12):1287-1289. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12844. PMID: 29148049.
[3] https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)02143-7/fulltext#seccestitle150
[4] Steffen A, Thom J, Jacobi F, Holstiege J, Bätzing J. Trends in prevalence of depression in Germany between 2009 and 2017 based on nationwide ambulatory claims data. J Affect Disord. 2020 Jun 15;271:239-247. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.082. Epub 2020 Apr 18. PMID: 32479322.
[5] Dodd S, Bauer M, Carvalho AF, Eyre H, Fava M, Kasper S, Kennedy SH, Khoo JP, Lopez Jaramillo C, Malhi GS, McIntyre RS, Mitchell PB, Castro AMP, Ratheesh A, Severus E, Suppes T, Trivedi MH, Thase ME, Yatham LN, Young AH, Berk M. A clinical approach to treatment resistance in depressed patients: What to do when the usual treatments don’t work well enough? World J Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Sep;22(7):483-494. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1851052. Epub 2020 Dec 8. PMID: 33289425.
[6] Malhi GS, Mann JJ. Depression. Lancet. 2018 Nov 24;392(10161):2299-2312. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31948-2. Epub 2018 Nov 2. PMID: 30396512.
[7] Ukatu N, Clare CA, Brulja M. Postpartum Depression Screening Tools: A Review. Psychosomatics. 2018 May-Jun;59(3):211-219. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2017.11.005. Epub 2017 Nov 23. PMID: 29396166.
[8] Annunziata MA, Muzzatti B, Bidoli E, Flaiban C, Bomben F, Piccinin M, Gipponi KM, Mariutti G, Busato S, Mella S. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) accuracy in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2020 Aug;28(8):3921-3926. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05244-8. Epub 2019 Dec 19. PMID: 31858249.
[9] Choi Y, Choi SH, Yun JY, Lim JA, Kwon Y, Lee HY, Jang JH. The relationship between levels of self-esteem and the development of depression in young adults with mild depressive symptoms. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(42):e17518. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017518. PMID: 31626112; PMCID: PMC6824750.
[10] Huggett C, Birtel MD, Awenat YF, Fleming P, Wilkes S, Williams S, Haddock G. A qualitative study: experiences of stigma by people with mental health problems. Psychol Psychother. 2018 Sep;91(3):380-397. doi: 10.1111/papt.12167. Epub 2018 Jan 18. PMID: 29345416.
[11] Desai K, Gupta P, Parikh P, Desai A. Impact of Virtual Heartfulness Meditation Program on Stress, Quality of Sleep, and Psychological Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Method Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 22;18(21):11114. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111114. PMID: 34769634; PMCID: PMC8583339.
[12] Smith BW, Shelley BM, Dalen J, Wiggins K, Tooley E, Bernard J. A pilot study comparing the effects of mindfulness-based and cognitive-behavioral stress reduction. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Apr;14(3):251-8. doi: 10.1089/acm.2007.0641. PMID: 18370583.
[13] Kral TRA, Lapate RC, Imhoff-Smith T, Patsenko E, Grupe DW, Goldman R, Rosenkranz MA, Davidson RJ. Long-term Meditation Training Is Associated with Enhanced Subjective Attention and Stronger Posterior Cingulate-Rostrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Resting Connectivity. J Cogn Neurosci. 2022 Aug 1;34(9):1576-1589. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01881. PMID: 35704552; PMCID: PMC9357181.
[14] Kral TRA, Imhoff-Smith T, Dean DC, Grupe D, Adluru N, Patsenko E, Mumford JA, Goldman R, Rosenkranz MA, Davidson RJ. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction-related changes in posterior cingulate resting brain connectivity. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2019 Jul 31;14(7):777-787. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsz050. PMID: 31269203; PMCID: PMC6778831.
[15] Creswell JD, Taren AA, Lindsay EK, Greco CM, Gianaros PJ, Fairgrieve A, Marsland AL, Brown KW, Way BM, Rosen RK, Ferris JL. Alterations in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Link Mindfulness Meditation With Reduced Interleukin-6: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Jul 1;80(1):53-61. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.01.008. Epub 2016 Jan 29. PMID: 27021514.
[16] Kurth F, Zsadanyi SE, Luders E. Reduced age-related gray matter loss in the subgenual cingulate cortex in long-term meditators. Brain Imaging Behav. 2021 Dec;15(6):2824-2832. doi: 10.1007/s11682-021-00578-6. Epub 2021 Oct 23. PMID: 34686969.
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
A person’s nutrition and exercise have a direct impact on his or her health and well-being [1]. In addition to improving infant and child health, improving immune systems, and reducing not only the risk of pregnancy complications but also the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, our diet has an impact on our short and long-term health [2].
Nutrition information available on the Internet can directly influence healthcare decisions, but its quality is rarely evaluated, the result is that there is a big amount of information available on the internet, but it is difficult to separate the good and the bad, let’s say! [3, 4]
Social media noise around nutrition
Social media has fundamentally changed the way we create content by making it easier and faster to share. This has resulted in an increase in people who seek to have a social and political impact. However, these individuals may not be qualified for those positions because they don’t have sufficient training [4].
Nutrition has always been a subject of great interest, but it is becoming hard to follow its continuous and sometimes contradictory developments [5].
Researchers noise around nutrition
According to ClinicalTrials.gov in 2022 there are 192 clinical trials now running in the USA, and 25 of them are now recruiting, but in the entire database, there are 9.816 studies regarding nutrition and 27.870 containing the term healthy. The result is a large body of studies whose conclusions are not reproducible and sorting out inconsistencies in research used to generate health advice is a titanic undertaking.
In recent years the use of exercise has expanded from competitive sports to prevention/management of chronic diseases and maintenance of optimal health.
Exercise is recommended for the prevention/management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, obesity, mental health, colon cancer, stroke, and back injury [6]. Similarly, there is evidence that certain nutrients (e.g., vitamins C and E, β-carotene, and calcium) may reduce the risk of certain cancers, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, hypertension, and cataract. Thus, there seems to be a concordance between the health benefits of exercise and certain nutrients [7].
However, several human and animal studies suggest that strenuous exercise may promote free radical production, leading to lipid peroxidation and tissue damage [8,9,10].
On the other hand, there is evidence that vitamins C and E and β-carotene may protect against such damage [8,9]. Thus, concordance between the health benefits of exercise and nutrition and a compensatory role of antioxidant nutrients against the potentially harmful effects of exercise suggests that nutrition and exercise should form important components of any regimen for the prevention of chronic diseases and/or promotion of optimal health.
As far as both nutrition and sport are important for our health, it is unclear how to combine them and even more how to use them to prevent diseases!
In addition to what is above mentioned, the tendency for different researchers to use different measurements and report outcomes differently, even when studying the same effect, makes the global picture even more uncertain [11].
The combination of those two noises
Once a research study is published, its results are likely to be picked up by the lay press. Nutrition is a topic of great interest to people, unfortunately, most people learn about nutrition research findings in the popular press.
Headlines can easily fail to accurately describe the results of nutrition studies, for example, the newsletter’s “Headline vs. Study” section on 11 October 2019 [12] provided a link to an article in Women’s Health magazine titled, “Snacking on Nuts Found to Help Prevent Weight Gain” [13], followed by a link to the actual research report on which the article was based. The study was not a randomized controlled trial, the nuts were not provided to participants, and the participants self-reported both their nut intake and their weight. Although consumers reading the magazine headline might have thought that snacking on nuts would help them control their weight, all the research really found was an association—not necessarily causal—between self-reported nut intake and self-reported weight [14].
The results
It is quite difficult for readers to interpret the results of nutrition-related studies they see reported in the news.
Let’s try to keep it simple!
The Global Burden of Disease highlighted that, in 2017, 11 million deaths and 255 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were attributable to dietary risk factors, supporting the need for improving dietary habits across countries [15]. We all eat, and since the topic is important to everyone, the best thing is to turn to official associations able to provide updated clinical practice guidelines to reduce confusion.
[1] Koehler K, Drenowatz C. Integrated Role of Nutrition and Physical Activity for Lifelong Health. Nutrients. 2019 Jun 26;11(7):1437. doi: 10.3390/nu11071437. PMID: 31247924; PMCID: PMC6682932.
[2] Miyazawa T. The 8th International Conference on Nutrition and Aging: realization of a society where healthy life expectancy approximates overall life expectancy. Nutr Rev. 2020 Dec 1;78(12 Suppl 2):1-2. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa066. PMID: 33259612.
[3] Liu AG, Ford NA, Hu FB, Zelman KM, Mozaffarian D, Kris-Etherton PM. A healthy approach to dietary fats: understanding the science and taking action to reduce consumer confusion. Nutr J. 2017 Aug 30;16(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0271-4. PMID: 28854932; PMCID: PMC5577766.
[4] Lynn T, Rosati P, Leoni Santos G, Endo PT. Sorting the Healthy Diet Signal from the Social Media Expert Noise: Preliminary Evidence from the Healthy Diet Discourse on Twitter. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8557. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228557. PMID: 33218105; PMCID: PMC7698912.
[5] Dumas AA, Lapointe A, Desroches S. Users, Uses, and Effects of Social Media in Dietetic Practice: Scoping Review of the Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Feb 20;20(2):e55. doi: 10.2196/jmir.9230. PMID: 29463487; PMCID: PMC5840482.
[6] Clark JE. Diet, exercise or diet with exercise: comparing the effectiveness of treatment options for weight-loss and changes in fitness for adults (18-65 years old) who are overfat, or obese; systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2015 Apr 17;14:31. doi: 10.1186/s40200-015-0154-1. Erratum in: J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2015;14:73. PMID: 25973403; PMCID: PMC4429709.
[7] Di Sebastiano KM, Murthy G, Campbell KL, Desroches S, Murphy RA. Nutrition and Cancer Prevention: Why is the Evidence Lost in Translation? Adv Nutr. 2019 May 1;10(3):410-418. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy089. PMID: 30915435; PMCID: PMC6520044.
[8] Lin CH, Lin YA, Chen SL, Hsu MC, Hsu CC. American Ginseng Attenuates Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage via the Modulation of Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Adaptation in Males. Nutrients. 2021 Dec 25;14(1):78. doi: 10.3390/nu14010078. PMID: 35010953; PMCID: PMC8746757.
[9] Visconti LM, Cotter JA, Schick EE, Daniels N, Viray FE, Purcell CA, Brotman CBR, Ruhman KE, Escobar KA. Impact of varying doses of omega-3 supplementation on muscle damage and recovery after eccentric resistance exercise. Metabol Open. 2021 Oct 3;12:100133. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100133. PMID: 34693240; PMCID: PMC8515381.
[10] Kyriakidou Y, Wood C, Ferrier C, Dolci A, Elliott B. The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021 Jan 13;18(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00405-1. PMID: 33441158; PMCID: PMC7807509.
[11] Vitolins MZ, Case TL. What Makes Nutrition Research So Difficult to Conduct and Interpret? Diabetes Spectr. 2020 May;33(2):113-117. doi: 10.2337/ds19-0077. PMID: 32425447; PMCID: PMC7228817.
[12] Obesity and Energetics Obesity and Energetics Offerings 10/11/19. Available from https://www.obesityandenergetics.org/weeklyofferings/101119. Accessed 1 December 2019.
[13] Williamson L. Snacking on nuts found to help prevent weight gain. Womens Health 29 September 2019. Available from https://www.womenshealth.com.au/nut-intake-weight-gain-prevention. Accessed 1 December 2019.
[14] Liu X, Li Y, Guasch-Ferré M, et al.. Changes in nut consumption influence long-term weight change in US men and women. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health 2019;2:90–99.
[15] Afshin A, Sur PJ, Fay KA, Cornaby L, Ferrara G, Salama JS, et al.. Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. (2019) 393:1958–72. 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30041-8.
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
Introduction
The pandemic has transformed healthcare for the future. In 2022 we are in front of big challenges in the healthcare industry [1]. The recent pandemic has accelerated the use of new technologies including telemedicine and telehealth [2], but there is a lack of skilled workforce to drive the digital health revolution. Telehealth uptake also requires a significant change in management efforts as well as redesigning existing models in healthcare [3].
Implementing new technology is not an easy process. There are many competing solutions and options on the market, and it can be difficult to assess which option will best suit an organization’s specific needs. Many executives and chief-level executives not only find it hard to choose the optimal solution but also find the practical matters of implementing new technology (software and hardware) challenging.
These challenges are possibly due to both not having adequate basic IT infrastructure and not being compatible with existing technologies that run in their organization.
Some of the main trends that emerged during this pandemic are here to remain.
Accessible via voice or text, mobile smart devices or computers and virtual diagnostic aids have been key clinical tools in hospitals facing COVID-19 peaks. These technologies have helped doctors extract patient health data, bypassing the time-consuming process of searching electronic health records.
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Intelligent scheduling [5]
The application of predictive algorithms can also help optimize programming to reduce “no-shows”, i.e., cases in which patients do not show up for a visit.
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Ready to use solutions [6]
Another positive experience was the use of mobile and ready-to-use solutions for carrying out CT scans in emergency situations, a life-saving tool during the pandemic. With the urgency, the lack of time to build ad-hoc rooms and the primary need to contain the infection, hospitals needed a portable solution that could be placed close – in parking lots or open spaces – and that could be activated quickly. In the various disciplines, the adoption of technologies with Artificial Intelligence applications is growing exponentially: in triage, diagnostics and patient management, right up to the time of treatment. Today there are several powerful AI algorithms incorporated in medical devices such as magnetic resonances, CT, X-rays, and ultrasound, as well as applications that significantly reduce bureaucratic tasks such as paperwork, folders and patient data acquisition, helping to make the daily work of doctors more manageable.
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AI can reduce manual work and burnout [7, 8]
Technology can also be a useful ally for drastically reducing burnout. In a study conducted with 1563 healthcare workers, more than half of the workers (50.7%) reported depression symptoms, 44.7% anxiety and 36.1% sleep disorder [9]. Digitalizing processes using Artificial Intelligence and deep learning allows you to reduce manual work, limiting repetitive activities and decreasing the likelihood of error: technology, therefore, makes the process more efficient so that professionals can focus on patient care.
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Telemedicine and virtual care [7, 10]
In general, the pandemic has helped boost the adoption of telemedicine around the world. In March 2020, during the first days of the pandemic, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control reported a 154% increase in the number of telemedicine visits. In Asia, where health systems have been dealing with SARS outbreaks for some time, hospitals have rapidly implemented telemedicine and remote monitoring technologies for Covid-19 infections. Remote monitoring solutions are rapidly emerging as a reliable and cost-effective technology, both to connect hospitals in remote areas to those in cities, and to allow monitoring of intensive care beds across different floors of a hospital.
The evolution of virtual care has then highlighted a trend: the decentralization of care [10]. Patient data are protected on the device rather than in the cloud, so an internet connection is not necessary, which is essential in emergency situations or in areas with underserved populations that may not have access to the internet.
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Remote clinical learning [11]
Remote clinical training was a crucial virtual solution during the pandemic. It was essential when clinical support staff could not go to hospitals.
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Data protection and data management [12, 13]
There is a stronger need to improve data management to strengthen clinical decisions. The amount of data produced and potentially useful in the clinical setting is constantly increasing. Healthcare systems around the world are overwhelmed by the amount of data they collect, but many do not have the means to transform all this information into valuable insights. Data integration strengthens clinical decision-making and patient outcomes, providing insights to healthcare professionals when they need them. To facilitate the real-time exchange, analysis and interpretation of data, advanced infrastructures are needed, capable of guaranteeing processing capacity, speed of transmission, security, and privacy of information, to allow interoperability between information systems.
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Collaboration between the public and private sectors
The need of strengthening public-private partnerships and collaboration between all elements of the health ecosystem is clear. Healthcare facilities, professionals, technological partners, and academia need to maximize synergies and exploit the acceleration towards digitalization impressed by the pandemic period.
Conclusion
Artificial Intelligence (AI), telehealth and robotics – are all examples of digital technologies that promise to alleviate the amount of work in the health sector while maintaining a high quality of care for patients.
Innovation, collaboration, and the patient experience must remain at the heart of transformation strategies and decision-making. Those elements together can pave the path to more effective use of resources and better healthcare worldwide.
References:
[1] Petersson L, Larsson I, Nygren JM, Nilsen P, Neher M, Reed JE, Tyskbo D, Svedberg P. Challenges to implementing artificial intelligence in healthcare: a qualitative interview study with healthcare leaders in Sweden. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Jul 1;22(1):850. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08215-8. PMID: 35778736; PMCID: PMC9250210.
[2] Wosik J, Fudim M, Cameron B, Gellad ZF, Cho A, Phinney D, Curtis S, Roman M, Poon EG, Ferranti J, Katz JN, Tcheng J. Telehealth transformation: COVID-19 and the rise of virtual care. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020 Jun 1;27(6):957-962. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa067. PMID: 32311034; PMCID: PMC7188147.
[3] Smith AC, Thomas E, Snoswell CL, Haydon H, Mehrotra A, Clemensen J, Caffery LJ. Telehealth for global emergencies: Implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Telemed Telecare. 2020 Jun;26(5):309-313. doi: 10.1177/1357633X20916567. Epub 2020 Mar 20. PMID: 32196391; PMCID: PMC7140977.
[4] Webster P. Virtual health care in the era of COVID-19. Lancet. 2020 Apr 11;395(10231):1180-1181. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30818-7. PMID: 32278374; PMCID: PMC7146660.
[5] Knevel R, Hügle T. E-health as a sine qua non for modern healthcare. RMD Open. 2022 Sep;8(2):e002401. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002401. PMID: 36123014; PMCID: PMC9486378.
[6] Chavda E, Guedon-Moreau L, Williatte L, Cordova E. Post-emergency teleconsultations during COVID crisis: TELE-SCOPE tool’s feedback and epidemiological analysis. Digit Health. 2022 Mar 2;8:20552076221081689. doi: 10.1177/20552076221081689. PMID: 35251680; PMCID: PMC8894957.
[7] Temesgen ZM, DeSimone DC, Mahmood M, Libertin CR, Varatharaj Palraj BR, Berbari EF. Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Influence of Telemedicine. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020 Sep;95(9S):S66-S68. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.06.052. Epub 2020 Jul 27. PMID: 32948262; PMCID: PMC7383140.
[8] Awan S, Diwan MN, Aamir A, Allahuddin Z, Irfan M, Carano A, Vellante F, Ventriglio A, Fornaro M, Valchera A, Pettorruso M, Martinotti G, Di Giannantonio M, Ullah I, De Berardis D. Suicide in Healthcare Workers: Determinants, Challenges, and the Impact of COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Feb 3;12:792925. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.792925. PMID: 35185638; PMCID: PMC8850721.
[9] Liu S., Yang L., Zhang C., Xiang Y. T., Liu Z., Hu S., Zhang B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet. Psychiatry, 7(4), e17.
[10] Kollman S, Braegger D, Head B. COVID-19’s Disruptive Innovation: Accelerating the Academic Preparation of Professional Nurses’ Ambulatory and Telehealth Roles. Nurse Lead. 2022 Feb;20(1):60-62. doi: 10.1016/j.mnl.2021.10.003. Epub 2021 Oct 22. PMID: 34744526; PMCID: PMC8564688.
[11] Zugasti Murillo A, Aguilar Sugrañes L, Álvarez Hernández J. Transformación digital en la relación entre industria y colectivo sanitario [Digital transformation of the relationship between industry and healthcare professionals]. Nutr Hosp. 2022 Mar 29;38(Spec No1):14-18. Spanish. doi: 10.20960/nh.04064. PMID: 35137592.
[12] Akay M, Subramaniam S, Brennan C, Bonato P, Waits CMK, Wheeler BC, Fotiadis DI. Healthcare Innovations to Address the Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2022 Jul;26(7):3294-3302. doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2022.3144941. Epub 2022 Jul 1. PMID: 35077374.
[13] https://www.turing.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2021-06/data-science-and-ai-in-the-age-of-covid_full-report_2.pdf
Disclaimer
The information contained herein is not and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Before making any changes to your diet, exercise or treatment, always consult your doctor or a qualified health professional.
The guidance provided may not be appropriate for your specific situation. Never make any decisions about your health based solely on the information provided in this article.
The author and creator of this article are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the improper use of the information presented here. Remember that each person is unique and therefore needs a personalized approach to health.
If you have any concerns about your health, please consult a qualified medical professional.
